From the short board to the "hard core", the Winter Olympics weather show science and technology fan!

Home ＞ News ＞ Industry News ＞ From the short board to the "hard core", the Winter Olympics weather show science and technology fan!

PubDate：2021-02-19 Hangzhou Shallow-Sea Technology Co., LTD.

ViewNum：40

"A 'three-dimensional, second-level, multi-factor' meteorological monitoring network and a 'minuter-level, 100-meter' forecast service system have been completed for the Winter Olympics." "The integrated display platform for the Winter Olympics forecast demonstration plan has been officially launched." "The weather service for the Winter Olympics ensures that everything is ready." ... Good news, exciting!

For the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games (hereinafter referred to as "Beijing Winter Olympic Games"), meteorologists have solved one after another difficulties in meteorological service support by using a mountain three-dimensional encrypted monitoring network, a set of high-precision, seamless and refined forecast service systems, and special service products for each event. To form a set of independent and controllable high-precision mountain meteorological monitoring and forecasting service technology, and take practical actions to fulfill the goal and original intention of accelerating the building of a strong meteorological country and realizing scientific and technological self-reliance.

Precision anchoring monitoring -- filling the weak points

The snow and ice events of the Winter Olympic Games are mostly held outdoors, which requires harsh meteorological conditions. Before that, the meteorological observation data of Yanqing and Zhangjiakou of Beijing Winter Olympics were seriously insufficient, and the observation elements and data needed for special events were blank.

In the face of complex terrain and extreme weather and climate conditions, the first part of the event service support -- real-time fine observation data acquisition is facing challenges.

In August 2017, the leading group of Meteorological Services for the Winter Olympic Games of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) identified the "Special Detection System Plan" as the first task of the meteorological services action plan for the Winter Olympic Games, and launched the construction of a "three-dimensional, second-level and multi-factor" meteorological monitoring network for the Winter Olympic Games.

In the past four years, the track automatic weather station, S-band weather radar, laser wind radar, microwave radiometer and other detection equipment have been completed.

"The starting point, starting point, finishing point and other important points of the track are equipped with detection equipment. The monitoring data can provide important support for analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of meteorological elements in the race area, carrying out forecasting services and race regulation." Zhang Man, deputy director of the Beijing Meteorological Detection Center, said.

With the Winter Olympics venues as the core, the meteorological department has built 441 sets of modern detection facilities in the urban areas of Beijing, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou and their surrounding areas, and realized the "three-dimensional, second-level and multi-factor" comprehensive meteorological monitoring of the Winter Olympics with the ultra-fine "complex mountain + megacity".

On this basis, the weatherman strives for excellence. In zhangjiakou division, for example, ski jumping, air techniques such as fly, difficult and risky project puts forward higher requirements to meteorological three-dimensional monitoring, but the division of extreme weather conditions on the equipment has enormous influence on the stable operation, detection system, head of the special plan by repeated comparison, zong-min wang decided to wind profile radar replacement for extreme stability is better under the condition of the laser radar wind, Ensure accurate and reliable monitoring data.

Relying on the detection equipment to carry out the Winter Olympics meteorological stereo encryption observation test is also in progress. Through the experiment, the meteorological department has mastered the three-dimensional encrypted meteorological observation data at the local scale and the micro-scale of the mountain racing area and surrounding valleys, which can be used to reveal the three-dimensional meteorological field characteristics at medium, small and micro scales under the complex terrain of the mountain racing area.

Lock forecast accuracy - breaking the difficulty

The Beijing Winter Olympic Games is the first Winter Olympic Games held in the continental monsoon climate zone in history. There is little experience to learn from the meteorological support work, which is almost a zero start.

In fact, the small and micro-scale meteorology of boundary layer under complex terrain in winter is a difficult problem in the international meteorological community. However, the two areas of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games have complex terrain, rapid weather changes, great influence, and prominent local microclimate characteristics, which makes it extremely difficult to do a good job in predicting and warning the events.

How to meet the "minute level, 100 meter level" precise forecast requirements put forward by the Olympic Organizing Committee?

One solution at a time.

Focusing on the difference of meteorological conditions and risk thresholds for different events, the meteorological department, under the support of the special project of "Science and Technology Winter Olympics" of the national key Research and Development Plan, independently developed the core technical support system of short-term weather forecast for the Winter Olympics with Beijing Ruitu model system as the core. For the first time, the 0-24 hour high precision objective integrated forecast of key meteorological elements of the Winter Olympics with a resolution of 100 meters and rapid update by 10 minutes under complex terrain was achieved.

Alpine skiing, for example, takes only one to two minutes, and athletes can reach speeds of up to 140 kilometers per hour. The event must be stopped immediately when the wind speed exceeds 18 meters per second. The fixed - point minute - level forecast plays a very important role in the regulation and control of the competition and in finding the support of the "window period" of the competition.

Mountain snow projects have very high requirements on light, strong wind, low visibility, precipitation types and their conversion time at different altitude in mountainous areas. Therefore, the 1-10 day short and medium term objective weather forecast of the Winter Olympics based on our self-developed GRAPES numerical forecast model, and the 0-10 day seamless fixed point weather forecast service product formed by using deep learning, big data mining and other artificial intelligence technologies can provide scientific basis for the scheduling of the Winter Olympics.

To solve difficult problems, meteorologists work together. On January 25, the integrated display platform of the Winter Olympics forecast demonstration plan was put online, and more than 50 forecast products from 22 companies were put online for testing and operation. The meteorological department has enlisted outstanding high-resolution numerical prediction models and objective prediction systems in China to provide "intellectual" support for the meteorological service team for the Winter Olympics. Chen Mingxuan, deputy director of the Beijing Institute of Urban Meteorology, said the products will undergo rigorous testing and a period of real-time inspection, and then the Winter Olympics meteorological service team will evaluate the real-time application of the best products to determine the final application of the Winter Olympics weather service products.

Fine benchmarking service - improve quality and efficiency

The Winter Olympic Games is the world's largest comprehensive winter games. The links of pre-competition preparation, event arrangement, peripheral support, emergency rescue and public viewing are closely related to meteorological elements. Not only for the organizing Committee of the Winter Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee and individual organizations, media, athletes, the global public and other groups, but also to take into account the snow, transportation, medical rescue and other special services, meteorological services cover a wide range of focus, high requirements.

How to meet diverse needs and ensure that the Beijing Winter Olympics is "wonderful, extraordinary and outstanding"?

Innovative technology, improve quality and efficiency.

Based on the guarantee of the lifeline of meteorological services for the Winter Olympics, the meteorological department built the National Meteorological Information Center as the hub to support the information network of Beijing urban area, Yanqing, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, and realize the interconnection and sharing of data services for the Winter Olympics. The establishment of remote real-time backup of high performance computing resources, the overall network performance improved by 5 to 15 times; The "private network + cloud" video consultation system was built to realize real-time consultation among the Central Meteorological Observatory, Beijing Meteorological Bureau, Hebei Meteorological Bureau and the competition area.

Around the public viewing, traffic security, helicopter rescue, special service products, such as demand, meteorological department mainly carry out the intelligence games meteorological services and risk early warning technology research and development, such as artificial intelligence technology development games meteorological service of intelligent graphic table processing technology, can automatically generate special service material, greatly improved the work efficiency of all kinds of special service. In the face of complex terrain, the meteorological department carried out monitoring and identification research on small-scale artificial snow augmentation operation conditions in fixed target areas, and built a special meteorological forecast and prediction system for Winter Olympic snow and a high-resolution cloud precipitation display and prediction system, providing customized extended period forecast services for 10-30 days for snow support in the competition area.

The picture shows the Event Service forecaster making the special weather service report on race day. Photography is by Wang Xuhai

To ensure that the Beijing Winter Olympics will be "wonderful, extraordinary and outstanding", meteorologists have a unique originality. "We will polish core technologies, optimize support systems, and provide the best scientific and technological 'confidence' for meteorological services for the Winter Olympics with fruitful results," Chen said. It is foreseeable that these precious achievements after the Winter Olympics test, will also become a valuable wealth to boost the development of meteorological undertakings.

Article source: wechat official account of China Meteorological Administration

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