In the field of meteorological science, each new discovery pushes our understanding of nature forward. Recently, the Cloud Precipitation Physics and weather modification team of the School of Atmospheric Physics of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology has made a new breakthrough in the field of Remote Sensing technology, and successfully published a paper titled "Detection and Retrieval of supercold water in Stratocumulus clouds in Northeast China using millimeter wave radar and microwave radiometer" on the internationally renowned journal Remote Sensing. The research team used the observation data of the Tuli River meteorological station, combined with the relevant data of millimeter wave radar and microwave radiometer, to conduct in-depth detection and analysis of stratocumulus clouds in the Greater Hinggan Mountains in spring, and successfully identified and retrieved the supercold water in the clouds, which has attracted wide attention.

The supercold water in mixed phase cloud plays an important role in precipitation formation, atmospheric radiation, weather modification and flight safety. However, the identification of supercooled water in mixed phase clouds has been a difficult problem in atmospheric exploration research. The Greater Khingan Mountains in northeast China, as a national ecological barrier, has little rainfall in spring and a high risk of forest fires. Artificial rain enhancement has become an important means of fire suppression, and the content of supercooled water in clouds directly affects the effect of weather modification. However, studies of supercooled water in clouds in this region have been scarce. The research team at Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology is on a mission to solve this problem and provide key support for related research and applications.

Using Ka-band millimeter wave radar and SMR-100 microwave radiometer data, combined with radiosonde data, the research team conducted supercooled water detection and parameter inversion for two spring stratocumulus cloud cases. The results show that supercooled water is widely distributed in Stratocumulus clouds in the spring, the liquid water content (LWC) is about 0.1±0.05g/m³, and the particle size is not more than 10µm. In addition, the study also found that the updraft has a significant effect on the supercooled water, and the two have a good consistency in the spatiotemporal variation trend.

In this task, the SMR-100 microwave radiometer became the team's right-hand man. It was installed at the weather station in the town of Turi River, where the unique geography provided a rich sample for research, but also placed strict requirements on monitoring equipment. With its own powerful performance, the SMR-100 does a good job.

From the perspective of data detection capability, its operating frequency covers the K band of 22-31 GHZ and the V band of 51-58 GHZ. This allows it to accurately measure not only temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction near the surface, but also cloud base height and cloud base temperature at high altitudes. In particular, through advanced inversion technology, it can obtain key data such as temperature, water vapor density, humidity, and liquid water content from the surface to an altitude of 10km. The data is like a key that opens the door for the research team to explore the mysteries of supercooled water in stratocumulus clouds.

During the study, the team combined data acquired by the SMR-100 with millimeter wave radar data. The high-precision data provided by SMR-100 provides a solid foundation for algorithm optimization and validation. Through in-depth analysis of these data, the team successfully proposed a new supercool water recognition algorithm, and carried out a detailed analysis of two spring stratocumulus cases, revealing the distribution characteristics and changes of supercool water in stratocumulus clouds.

It is found that supercooled water is widely distributed in stratocumulus in the Greater Khingan Mountains in spring, and its liquid water content and particle size have been clearly measured. At the same time, the team also investigated the effect of updraft on supercooled water, and found that there is a close relationship between the two.

The reliability of the research results is further verified by comparing the liquid water path retrieved by microwave radiometer and cloud radar. These findings are of great significance for studying cloud microphysical processes, improving the accuracy of weather forecasting and optimizing weather modification operations.

The successful publication of this paper is the crystallization of the wisdom of the research team and a strong proof of the performance of the SMR-100 microwave radiometer. It marks a solid step forward in the field of meteorological research. In the future, Shallow Sea Technology will continue to uphold the spirit of innovation, constantly optimize and upgrade products, provide technical support for more scientific research projects, and help the vigorous development of meteorological scientific research. It is also expected that scientific researchers will explore more meteorological mysteries with the help of meteorological intelligent equipment and bring more benefits to human production and life.